Relevance. Russia is currently facing sanctions, which have had significant economic and social consequences. These crises have revealed vulnerabilities in the socio-economic system, highlighting the importance of studying them to better address current challenges and mitigate future risks. Objective. The study aims to identify the vulnerabilities in particular aspects of sustainable development across Russia’s regions during the crises of the past 15 years. Data and methods. The study draws on data from the Federal Statistical Service (Rosstat) to calculate a sustainable development index for regions, which tracks the impact of crises on their economic, social, and environmental sustainability. The index is constructed using a classical method, comprising three averaged sub-indices, each representing one of the three components of sustainable development. A higher index value indicates greater sustainability, with the impact of crises varying across regions. Results. During the 2014 crisis, regions specializing in export-oriented industries or those with a significant share of foreign capital in their economies were hit the hardest. Socially, the most vulnerable regions were those along the Chinese border in the Far East, which were impacted by trade restrictions. The 2020 pandemic had economic effects on nearly all regions, with cities of over a million people and their agglomerations suffering the most due to the abrupt suspension of the tertiary sector. The social sphere responds most quickly to crises, while the environmental component is more inert but shows a negative trend despite the crises. Conclusions. For regions with underdeveloped and monocentric economies, support measures should focus on diversifying industries, particularly those aimed at mass consumption. In coal-mining regions, it’s important to develop service sectors related to the industry during stable periods. For the Far Eastern regions, the main support measure is to stimulate industries geared towards meeting Chinese demand.
В статье на основе анализа задач современного образования актуализируется гуманитарно-антропологический подход, способный сыграть важную роль в формировании личности обучающегося. Автор обращает особое внимание на описание методов обучения в ходе преподавания общественных дисциплин, способных на основе данного подхода развивать у обучающихся критическое мышление, самостоятельность, творческие способности и социальные навыки, необходимые для формирования социально зрелой личности.
Relevance. Inter-municipal cooperation is an effective tool for addressing resource deficits faced by municipalities, and its importance has grown in today’s context of socio-economic instability. However, the success of such cooperation largely depends on a careful selection of partners, which raises the question of how the strength of ties between municipalities impacts their ability to collaborate effectively. Research objective. The aim of this study is to explore how the spatial characteristics of interdependence between municipalities influence their interactions and cooperation. Data and methods. The research draws on official statistical data from Russia’s Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat), as well as information from investment passports and municipal socio-economic development strategies. The study employs spatial correlation methods, cartographic analysis, and general research techniques, including analysis and synthesis. Results. The inter-municipal relationships in Sverdlovsk Region are highly uneven, with significant disparities in the level of involvement across different areas. These relationships are predominantly concentrated around the region’s administrative center and its neighboring municipalities, while the northern and eastern parts exhibit the weakest connectivity. Municipalities in the Ekaterinburg urban agglomeration are the most active participants in joint projects, whereas those in the southwestern part of the region show less involvement. The northern and eastern areas, in particular, demonstrate minimal engagement in forming partnerships with other municipalities, highlighting a stark regional imbalance. Conclusions. The study confirms a strong link between the interdependence of municipalities and the extent of their cooperation. Factors such as territorial and socio-economic proximity play a key role, but additional drivers, such as national or regional policies, also significantly influence inter-municipal collaboration. Interestingly, a lack of resources among potential partners does not appear to impede cooperation.
Relevance. The well-being of citizens is a key focus of national policies worldwide. Kazakhstan, however, is characterized by significant regional disparities in social well-being, which necessitates targeted programs and investments to improve conditions in less developed areas. Research Objective. This study aims to develop a national adaptive social well-being index to evaluate and spatially map the regions of Kazakhstan. Data and Methods. The methodology included identifying indicators through a literature review and regional data, conducting an expert survey to weight them, and creating a social well-being index. A spatial analysis was then used to calculate the index for each region. Results. The social well-being index shows significant disparities across regions. Astana, Almaty, and Atyrau demonstrate strong social welfare, driven by economic growth and advanced social infrastructure. In contrast, Karaganda, Pavlodar, and Shymkent show lower social welfare, highlighting the need for targeted interventions and investments. Conclusion. The findings offer valuable insights for policymakers to design strategies for sustainable socioeconomic growth in Kazakhstan. The proposed index can help national and regional authorities monitor social well-being.
Работа посвящена анализу значимости обучения и воспитания как элементов единого образовательного процесса в условиях образовательной организации органов внутренних дел. Обращено внимание, с одной стороны, на ценность данного подхода в подготовке сотрудников органов внутренних дел в контексте современных военно-политических реалий, с другой - на реально имеющий место дисбаланс между признанием ценности обучения и воспитания в существующем образовательном процессе.
Relevance. The global imperative for adopting a low-carbon economy resonates worldwide, yet comprehensive assessments specific to the Russian economy remain scant. This is especially important considering the significant differences in the level of transition to sustainable development among Russian regions. Research Objective. This study aims to introduce a robust methodology for evaluating and analyzing the international trade of low-carbon goods (LCGs) across various Russian regions and assessing its effects on fuel combustion emissions. Data and Methods. Data on LCGs trade were obtained from the Federal Customs Service of Russia. In conjunction, datasets from Rosstat and the Central Bank of Russia were incorporated for comprehensive econometric modeling. The analytical framework employed Tobit and quantile regressions. Results. The study uncovers significant disparities among Russian regions regarding the intensity of low-carbon goods exports and imports. This variation highlights the diverse competencies in LCGs production, as well as differing ecological agendas and consumption patterns across regions. Additionally, the research demonstrates that, although the widespread adoption of advanced production technologies is positively correlated with increased fuel combustion emissions, a U-shaped relationship exists where higher LCGs exports are associated with reductions in fuel combustion emissions across Russian regions to a certain degree. Conclusions. This research highlights important implications for both federal and regional industrial and environmental policies. It advocates for the development of targeted incentives that encourage the adoption of low-carbon goods (LCGs) and advanced technologies. By doing so, policymakers can effectively promote sustainable development tailored to the unique needs and conditions of various regions, thereby fostering ecological resilience and economic growth across diverse regional landscapes.
В статье отражены основные итоги всероссийского круглого стола «Совершенствование методики преподавания общественных дисциплин в образовательной организации органов внутренних дел: интеграция теории и практики», который состоялся 16 ноября 2023 года в Сибирском юридическом институте МВД России (г. Красноярск). Участники мероприятия обсудили роль общественных дисциплин в подготовке сотрудников органов внутренних дел в условиях образовательной организации, обменялись опытом и предложили меры совершенствования методов преподавания на основе патриотизма и духовно-нравственных ценностей.
Актуальность темы профориентационной деятельности обусловлена высокой конкуренцией между высшими учебными заведениями в плане привлечения будущих студентов. Объектом данного исследования является профориентационная деятельность университета, предметом – оценка ее эффективности. Цель данной статьи – выявить эффективность профориентационных мероприятий, проводимых в ФГБОУ ВО «Башкирский государственный педагогический университет им. М. Акмуллы». В работе применялся теоретический анализ научных публикаций по проблеме исследования, сравнительный метод, а также методы анкетирования и статистического анализа. В проведенном опросе приняли участие 40 студентов первого и второго курсов, обучающихся на кафедре межкультурной коммуникации и перевода.
Результаты. Результаты исследования позволили выявить, что профориентационная работа, осуществляемая на базе нашего вуза, в целом, достигает поставленных целей. Среди плюсов можно отметить эффективное продвижение вуза его представителями в средствах массовой информации; участие школьников в олимпиадах, конкурсах и проектах, проводимых университетом; большая часть респондентов высоко оценила профориентационную деятельность университета, отметив, что организованные профориентационные мероприятия, помогли определиться им с будущей профессией. Среди недостатков проводимой профориентационной деятельности можно отметить невысокий процент школьников, принимающих участие в мероприятиях, организованных, непосредственно, в стенах самого университета, поэтому рекомендуется открытие различных школ, творческих мастерских и т. д. на базе университета. Для повышения эффективности профориентационной деятельности университета, авторы предлагают проведение следующих мероприятий: встречи школьников со студентами вуза, обучающимися по данному направлению; разработка и проведение профориентационных тренингов и тестирования по всем направлениям подготовки, помогающие с выбором будущей профессии; организация и проведение таких мероприятий как «День школьника в университете» и «Погружение в профессию». На основе проведенного опроса и полученных данных в статье представлена разработка программы «День школьника в университете». Материалы статьи могут представлять интерес для преподавателей высшей школы, педагогов общеобразовательных школ, а также для всех, кто интересуется проблемами профориентационной деятельности.
Relevance. The study of inclusive economic growth remains highly relevant as the concept of growth continues to evolve. Measuring and analysing its determinants offers opportunities to foster inclusive growth at both regional and national levels. Research Objective. This study analyses inclusive economic growth in East Java’s districts and cities from 2018-2022 by comparing two measurement models: the Social Mobility Curve (SMC), which focuses on income distribution and economic growth, and the Poverty Equivalent Growth Rate (PEGR), which incorporates poverty, inequality, and unemployment. Data and Method. Using data from Statistics Indonesia (BPS), the National Labour Force Survey (SAKERNAS), and the National Socioeconomic Survey (SUSENAS) for 2018-2022, this study applies the SMC and PEGR models and conducts panel data regression to analyse inclusive growth and its determinants. Results. The findings reveal that economic growth in East Java lacks inclusivity. Income distribution inequality persists across districts and cities, as shown by the SMC results. The PEGR model also indicates ongoing challenges in reducing poverty and unemployment inclusively. Key factors such as the share of manufacturing in GRDP and employment opportunities significantly impact inclusive growth. Conclusions. Encouraging investment growth can create a favourable business climate across all districts/cities, supporting a more equitable contribution to GRDP. As employment opportunities play a significant role in inclusive growth, boosting employment through investment can improve access to education and healthcare, while addressing unemployment. To combat inequality and poverty, the government must refine its data collection on the poor to better target beneficiaries.
Relevance. External shocks can disrupt stable industrial development and technological modernization, especially in open single-industry regions that are highly vulnerable to global market fluctuations. The dominance of a single sector results in structural inertia, making it difficult for these regions to shift their economic trajectory. This path dependence amplifies the risks posed by economic turbulence, highlighting the need for changes in the economic structure and strategic guidelines for regional industrial policies. Objective. This study aims to describe the current, strategic, and future development paths for single-industry regions amid economic turbulence. It focuses on changes in the industrial profiles of metallurgical regions in Russia, including Lipetsk, Vologda, Murmansk, Sverdlovsk, Chelyabinsk, and Krasnoyarsk. Data and methods. The research uses publicly available statistics from 2008 to 2021, grounded in regional development theory. Methodologically, the study relies on coefficient analysis, positional-dynamic analysis, and assessment of technological connections between sectors. Results. The study has detected significant differences in regional adaptation: Lipetsk and Chelyabinsk are shifting towards low-tech sectors, Sverdlovsk maintains its metallurgical focus, Vologda is balancing metallurgy and a medium-high-tech chemical industry, while Murmansk and Krasnoyarsk are transforming with a focus on low-tech mineral extraction. Promising specializations include machine engineering in Sverdlovsk and Vologda, as well as machine engineering and electrical equipment production in Lipetsk and Chelyabinsk. However, we found discrepancies between the declared strategic goals and actual priorities in Lipetsk and Chelyabinsk. Conclusions. The findings offer valuable insights for policymakers and authorities, helping to update strategies for fostering the growth of promising industrial sectors.