Статьи

Digitalisation is often perceived as a driver of operational performance in manufacturing, but the mechanisms by which advanced digital skills influence productivity remain poorly understood. Digitalisation processes are heterogeneous in nature and are shaped by regional factors. The study aims to explore how workers’ digital human capital affects the performance of production systems in the metallurgy sector considering differences in regional digitalisation contexts. The research methods are based on multigroup analysis of partial least squares structural equation models (MGA PLS-SEM), in which the dependent variable is the performance of production systems. The research measured accumulated human capital as a stock of relevant digital basic and specific skills using a survey of 2 570 employees conducted in 2022 in Sverdlovsk, Chelyabinsk, Rostov, and Volgograd oblasts, which differ in their levels of digitalisation, innovation, industrial specialisation, and gross income. The findings indicate that advanced digital skills not only complement basic ones but also significantly enhance production performance, as the standardised path coefficients are ranging between 0.4 and 0.7. Specifically, the industrially advanced Chelyabinsk oblast shows a more significant impact of basic digital competencies on Industry 4.0 skills, though path coefficients are still less than 0.2, suggesting a moderate overall effect of Industry 4.0 skills on performance across all regions. This study contributes to the contextual economics perspective by demonstrating the heterogeneous nature of digital human capital accumulation within a single industry.

This article explores the integration of digital solutions to enhance the sustainable development of agribusiness through the activation of the introduction of intellectual capital. The analysis is carried out taking into account various factors affecting yields, such as soil type, fertilizer use, market prices, employee education level, product demand, and automation level. The level of automation, the use of geographic information systems, access to big data, and hours of employee training were chosen as factors of intellectualization. Random forest, ARIMA, SARIMA, and LSTM models were used to predict yields. The data were taken from the statistical portals of Armenia and Georgia (137 observations). The results of the study show that the LSTM model demonstrated the best prediction accuracy with an average absolute error of 8.30 and a standard error of 102.47. The random forest model showed an average absolute error of 24.87 and a standard error of 828.23, while the ARIMA and SARIMA models did not show significant results. The study revealed significant correlations between digital solutions characterizing the level of intellectual capital in agricultural enterprises and agricultural land productivity, including the level of automation and access to big data. Analysis was also conducted on the impact of intellectual capital on the sustainability of agribusiness, including the impact of the level of education and training hours of employees. It is concluded that the integration of innovative technologies, such as big data and automation, contributes to improving the efficiency of agricultural production.

This article focuses on improving the information security of industrial enterprises through the automation of data transmission processes. As a solution, an autonomous unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) equipped with three microcontrollers is proposed to handle ight control, data processing and transmission and information protection. The system utilises infrared data transmission channels, hardware encryption and a mechanism for the physical destruction of the storage medium, ensuring a high level of protection against cyberattacks and data breaches. The drone’s architecture is isolated from corporate networks and features mobility and autonomy, making it e ective in environments with limited infrastructure. The modular design of the device allows for adaptation to various application scenarios. The research results demonstrate that the proposed solution provides reliable and secure data transmission, enhancing the resilience of enterprises to modern cyber threats.

IV Международная научно-практическая конференция «Дискурсология и медиакритика средств массовой информации» (5-7 октября 2023 года).

Международная междисциплинарная научная конференция «Коммуникативные коды в межкультурном пространстве как средство формирования общегуманитарных компетенций поколения» (1-2 июня 2023 года).

Статья посвящена биографии известного отечественного – советского и российского – лингвиста, одного из лидеров Московской психолингвистической школы, доктора филологических наук, профессора, Лауреата премии Президента Российской Федерации в области образования, главного редактора научного журнала «Вопросы психолингвистики», члена редакционной коллегии научного журнала «Мир лингвистики и коммуникации: электронный научный журнал», профессора Московского городского педагогического университета Евгения Фѐдоровича Тарасова.

This article examines the implementation of chatbots in healthcare as a means to automate the patient flow management. The authors analyze the current state of this process, identify operational bottlenecks, and propose chatbot-based solutions for automation of patient registration, document processing, and room allocation. The research method rests on modelling using chatbot technologies and evaluating their overall impact on healthcare efficiency and service delivery. According to the results, the introduction of chatbots reduces administrative workload, facilitates paperwork, and significantly improves service quality. Specific attention is paid to the risks associated with chatbot implementation, such as privacy concerns, and strategies for their mitigation. As a result, the introduction of chatbots proved to have a significant positive impact on operational efficiency, resource optimization, and patient satisfaction in healthcare.

Статья посвящена IV Международной научно-практической конференции «Homo legens в прошлом и настоящем», прошедшей 23–25 марта 2023 г. в Новосибирске и Нижнем Тагиле в очном и дистанционном форматах. Цель работы – дать обзор мероприятий, состоявшихся в рамках научного форума, и охарактеризовать выступления участников. Актуальность мероприятия связана с изменениями, которые претерпевают читательские практики в период взрывного распространения экранной культуры. Отток читателей из библиотек и падение тиражей печатных изданий обусловили интерес специалистов к таким проблемам, как формы поддержки чтения, взаимодействие читателя с книгой в пространстве библиотеки, вопросы, связанные с художественным оформлением книжной продукции

Gender is an issue that has long preoccupied linguists, and the category of gender is one of the still unsolved puzzles of linguistic science. There has never been a complete agreement between scientists with regard to gender origin, nor there is unanimity of opinion as to its function in different language systems and, in general, to its definition. The present study focuses on the origin and historical development of the category of gender, classification of languages according to gender types, the peculiarities of gendered and genderless languages, gender-marking avoidance strategies. Through the comparative method of analysis English and Armenian gender systems are compared with an aim to reveal the similarities and differences in terms of functions, gender indicators in proverbs, as well as types of reference.

Уровень распространенности психических расстройств в современном мире постоянно растет. Вместе с ним растет и осведомленность людей о специфике разных психических расстройств, однако это не приводит к снижению негативных представлений об их носителях. Наиболее часто в современных социальных науках эти представления исследуются в контексте стигматизации людей с психическими расстройствами. Это комплексный феномен, включающий в себя лейблирование и стереотипизацию, исключение и дискриминацию, которые возникают в условиях наличия статусных различий между группами. Стигматизация затрагивает практически все сферы жизни человека: семейную жизнь (межличностные отношения с близкими и участие в их жизни), профессиональную деятельность (перспективы приема на работу, отношения с коллегами и начальством), лечение (отношения с медицинскими сотрудниками, качество получаемой помощи). Отдельное внимание в современных исследованиях уделяется самостигматизации, которая не только исходит из стигматизации, но и усугубляет другие ее последствия. Цель данного обзора - обобщить и проанализировать результаты современных зарубежных исследований стигматизации и самостигматизации людей с психическими расстройствами, а также выделить последствия этих процессов, как для самих людей на разных уровнях и в разных сферах их жизни (в личной жизни, профессиональной деятельности), так и для общества в целом.

Конференция, проведённая 28 ноября 2023 г., была организована Институтом социально- экономических проблем народонаселения имени Н. М. Римашевской (ИСЭПН) ФНИСЦ РАН и собрала для научной дискуссии учёных, преподавателей и практиков из разных городов России, Беларуси, Армении и Азербайджана. Результаты предшествующих восьми ежегодных конференций показали значимость рассматриваемых проблем и наличие интереса к тематике мероприятия со стороны научного и педагогического сообщества.

When it comes to the development of society, digitalization appears to be one of its megatrends. Both on international and national levels, program acts are adopted to establish strategic areas of state policy, their principles, goals, objectives, and indicators. The world of work is also subject to digital transformation. That is why it becomes relevant to study the influence of state policy in the field of building an information society and digital economy development on the modernization of labor legislation. Three EAEU member states have been included in the subject of research: Russia, Belarus, and Kazakhstan. The methodology of work is based on a general scientific dialectical method of objective reality recognition. When conducting the research, general scientific logic techniques (analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, the method of rising from the abstract to the concrete, etc.) and specific scientific methods of cognition (a legalistic approach, a legal historical method, and a comparative-legal analysis) were used. A special feature of the work’s methodology is the use of a political and legal approach. As a result of the conducted research, the following results have been obtained: on the number of amendments introduced into legislations of Russia, Belarus, and Kazakhstan over the years; on the total number of amended articles and new articles and chapters labor codes were supplemented with; on the political decisions made regarding the digitalization of labor, and on the content of legislative innovations. It has been established that each of the studied state pursues the state policy aimed at developing a digital economy and that during the researched period, some changes associated with regulating the use of digital technologies by addressees of labor law had occurred. However, the extents of state policy influence on improving labor legislation are different in these countries, just as their paths to modernization are unique. However, two areas of labor legislation digital transformation have been identified in all three countries. One of them is associated with remote work regulation, and the other - with regulating the electronic document flow in work relationships. In respect thereof, other promising areas for developing state policy and labor law in the context of global digitalization have been proposed: regulating the labor of platform workers, improving the system of rights guarantees for employees and employers in the field of employee training, protecting employees’ rights for personal privacy during their working activity, and regulating the use of the artificial intelligence system.